| His Eminence Roger Michael Mahony |
|
|---|---|
| Cardinal Archbishop Emeritus of Los Angeles | |
| See | Los Angeles |
| Enthroned | September 5, 1985 |
| Reign ended | March 1, 2011 |
| Predecessor | Timothy Manning |
| Successor | José Horacio Gómez |
| Other posts | Auxiliary Bishop of Fresno (1975–1980) Bishop of Stockton (1980–1985) |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | May 1, 1962 |
| Consecration | March 19, 1975 |
| Created Cardinal | June 28, 1991 |
| Personal details | |
| Born | February 27, 1936 Hollywood, Los Angeles, California |
Roger Michael Mahony (born February 27, 1936) is an American cardinal and retired prelate of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Archbishop of Los Angeles from 1985–2011. Before his appointment as Los Angeles archbishop, he served as Auxiliary Bishop of Fresno from 1975–1980 and as Bishop of Stockton from 1980–1985.
Born in the Hollywood neighborhood of Los Angeles and raised in the city's San Fernando Valley area, Mahony was ordained to the priesthood in the Diocese of Monterey-Fresno in 1962. He was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Fresno in January 1975 and consecrated bishop in March 1975. He was then appointed Bishop of Stockton in 1980. In 1985, Mahony was appointed Archbishop of Los Angeles by Pope John Paul II, and became the first Los Angeles native to hold the office. He was made a cardinal in 1991.
During his tenure as Los Angeles archbishop, Mahony was instrumental in dividing the archdiocese into 5 administrative subdivisions, and oversaw the construction of the new Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels, which opened in 2002. He has also been an instrumental figure in the Catholic Church sexual abuse scandal. As a cardinal, Mahony voted in the 2005 papal conclave that elected Pope Benedict XVI. He reached the mandatory retirement age for bishops in 2011 and was succeeded by José Horacio Gómez on March 1, 2011.[1]
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Roger Michael Mahony was born in the Hollywood area of Los Angeles, California, the son of Victor and Loretta (née Baron) Mahony. He has a twin brother, Louis, and an older brother, Neil. As a child he attended St. Charles Borromeo Grammar School in North Hollywood and at age 14, he entered Los Angeles College, the junior seminary of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles.
After studying at the Our Lady Queen of Angels Seminary and St. John's Seminary, Mahony was ordained to the priesthood on May 1, 1962, by the Bishop of Monterey-Fresno, Aloysius Joseph Willinger, CSsR. He graduated from The Catholic University of America in 1964 with a master's degree in social work. For the next 13 years, he held pastoral and curial assignments in the Diocese of Monterey-Fresno and the newly formed Diocese of Fresno. He was named a monsignor in February 1967, and also taught social work at Fresno State University during this period.
| Styles of Roger Mahony |
|
|---|---|
| Reference style | His Eminence |
| Spoken style | Your Eminence |
| Informal style | Cardinal |
| See | Los Angeles |
On January 7, 1975, he was appointed auxiliary bishop of Fresno and titular bishop of Tamascani. Mahony received his episcopal consecration on the following March 19 from the Bishop of Fresno, Hugh Donohue, with Bishops William Johnson and John Cummins serving as co-consecrators. That year, the Governor, Jerry Brown, appointed Mahony the first chair of the California Agricultural Labor Relations Board, where he worked with the United Farm Workers and various growers in the state to resolve agricultural labor disputes.
On February 15, 1980, Mahony was appointed Bishop of Stockton by Pope John Paul II, as announced by the nuncio, Jean Jadot. Mahony terminated two extern priests for sexual abuse during his tenure at Stockton.
On July 16, 1985, Mahony was promoted to Archbishop of Los Angeles, the first native Angeleno to hold the office. Mahony was created Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quattro Coronati by Pope John Paul II in the consistory of June 28, 1991.
After the former Cathedral of Saint Vibiana was damaged in the 1994 Northridge earthquake, Mahony began plans to construct the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels, one of the largest Catholic churches in the United States. It was dedicated on September 2, 2002.
Mahony was one of the cardinal electors who participated in the 2005 papal conclave that selected Pope Benedict XVI.
Mahony serves on a number of committees of the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops, including those on Liturgy, Pro-Life Activities, and Migration & Refugees.
He was a member of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace (1984–1989) and the Pontifical Council for the Pastoral Care of Migrants and Itinerants (1986–1991), Pontifical Council for Social Communications (1989–present), and Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See (2000–present).
He is a member of the Board of Trustees of The Catholic University of America.
Mahony spoke out on provisions in immigration bills, such as the Sensenbrenner-King Bill, debated by Congress in late 2005 and 2006. He wrote to President Bush[2] that certain proposed measures would effectively outlaw the provision of charitable assistance and religious ministry to individuals not in valid immigration status. On Ash Wednesday, 2006, Cardinal Mahony announced that he would order the clergy and laity of the Archdiocese of Los Angeles to ignore H.R. 4437 if it were to become law.[3] He personally lobbied senators Barbara Boxer and Dianne Feinstein to have the Senate consider a comprehensive immigration reform bill, rather than the enforcement-only bill that passed the House of Representatives.[4] Mahony also blamed the Congress for the illegal immigration crisis due to their failure to act on the issue in the previous 20 years, opposed H.R. 4437 as punitive and open to abusive interpretation, and supported S. 2611.[5][6]
Many Catholics were upset about the non-traditional design and the amount of money that was spent on the new Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels. Mahony defended the expense of the new cathedral to replace the previous earthquake-damaged cathedral citing the need for a community to have a religious center that unites people in faith and spirituality. Today, the new Cathedral averages one million visitors each year.[7][8]
To prepare for the new Millennium, Mahony wrote a Pastoral Letter on the Mass entitled "Gather Faithfully Together: A Guide for Sunday Mass".[9] The Letter called all parishes to plan and celebrate each Sunday Mass in order to deepen the faith-life of all Catholics through the Eucharist.[10] Some found "Gather Faithfully Together" to be gravely inconsistent with existing official liturgical directives set by the Catholic Church.[11] Others, however, found the letter to be visionary, inviting the Church to a more fruitful celebration of the Eucharist.[12]
In July 2007, Mahony was knocked down by an unknown assailant who recognized him while he was mailing a letter near the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels; he did not report the minor incident to police and it only came to public attention after it was mentioned at an October gathering of priests.[13]
The number of priestly vocations declined under Mahony's leadership.[14] By contrast, lay ministries grew and Mahony has said that "What some refer to as a 'vocations crisis' is, rather, one of the many fruits of the Second Vatican Council. It is a sign of God's deep love for the Church, and an invitation to a more creative and effective ordering of gifts and energy in the Body of Christ.".[15]
On July 16, 2007, Mahony and the Roman Catholic Church in Los Angeles apologized for abuses by priests after 508 victims reached a record-breaking settlement worth $660 million, with an average of $1.3 million for each plaintiff. Mahony described the abuse as a "terrible sin and crime", after a series of trials into sex abuse claims since the 1940s were to begin. The agreement settled all outstanding civil lawsuits against the Archdiocese. The deal dwarfs the $157 million settlement paid by the Archdiocese of Boston since Massachusetts law places a legal dollar cap on how much money a non-profit group can be required to pay.[16]
The 2006 documentary Deliver Us From Evil chronicles accusations that Mahony knew a priest serving under him, Oliver O'Grady, had a 20 year history of raping and molesting children (including one infant) but failed to keep him away from children. The film claims that in 1984, a Stockton police investigation into sexual abuse allegations against O'Grady was reportedly closed after diocesan officials promised to remove the priest from any contact with children. Instead, Mahony reassigned O'Grady to a parish approximately 50 miles (80 km) east, in San Andreas, where O'Grady continued to molest and rape children. Not long after, Mahony was promoted from bishop of Stockton to archbishop of Los Angeles.
On April 6, 2010, with Mahony due to reach his mandatory retirement age of 75 the following year, the Vatican under Pope Benedict XVI named San Antonio archbishop José Horacio Gómez as the Coadjutor Archbishop of Los Angeles with immediate right of succession to Mahony.[17] Gómez succeeded Mahony on February 28, 2011 after the ceremony of transition held at the Cathedral of Our Lady of the Angels, with his resignation taking canonical effect on March 1, 2011.[18] Gómez is the highest ranked Mexican born prelate within the United States Conference of Catholic Bishops.[19]
In his retirement, Mahony intends to devote more time to advocacy on behalf of immigrants, an issue that he has supported for many years.[20] He will be eligible to participate in any future papal conclaves that begin before his 80th birthday on February 27, 2016.
| Episcopal lineage | |
| Consecrated by: | Hugh Aloysius Donohoe |
| Consecrator of | |
|---|---|
| Bishop | Date of consecration |
| George Patrick Ziemann | February 23, 1987 |
| Armando Xavier Ochoa | February 23, 1987 |
| Carl Anthony Fisher | February 23, 1987 |
| Sylvester Donovan Ryan | May 31, 1990 |
| Stephen Edward Blaire | May 31, 1990 |
| Joseph Martin Sartoris | March 19, 1994 |
| Thomas John Curry | March 19, 1994 |
| Gabino Zavala | March 19, 1994 |
| George Hugh Niederauer | January 25, 1995 |
| Gerald Eugene Wilkerson | January 21, 1998 |
| Edward William Clark | March 26, 2001 |
| Oscar Azarcon Solis | February 10, 2004 |
| Alexander Salazar | November 4, 2004 |
| Catholic Church titles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Preceded by Merlin Joseph Guilfoyle |
Bishop of Stockton 1980–1985 |
Succeeded by Donald William Montrose |
| Preceded by Timothy Manning |
Archbishop of Los Angeles 1985–2011 |
Succeeded by José Horacio Gómez |